星期日, 11月 21, 2004

開口說英文

一流 top notch / first-rate

"一流"的英文就是"top notch," "first-rate"

"平凡的" "run-of-the-mill" (同義詞是"garden-variety")

"平凡的",英文的說法就是"run-of-the-mill",這裡,"run"的意思不是跑喔! 這裡,"run"的意思是"一般類型;或普通產品",而"mill"就是製造廠或工廠的意思,所以"run-of-the-mill"就是隱喻好像是工廠裡一般類型的產品,因此,也就是"平凡的; 普通的"意思,用在句子裡,我們可以說"那齣電影只是一部賺人眼淚的平凡影片",英文就是"That flick was just a run-of-the-mill tear jerker.",這裡"flick"就是"電影"的俗稱,而"tear jerker"就是"感人落淚的故事、戲劇或電影"。

"run-of-the-mill"的同義詞是"garden-variety",它是在隱喻著在任何花園裡都能夠找到的一般種類的植物,所以,"garden-variety"真正的意思就是"普通的; 一般的",用在句子裡我們可以說"電視上有太多不出色的情境喜劇",英文就是"There are too many garden-variety sitcoms on television.",這裡,"sitcom"就是"situation comedy"的簡稱,也就是"情境喜劇"的意思",所以整句再一次就是There are too many garden-variety sitcoms on television.",意思就是"電視上有太多不出色的情境喜劇"。

那"run-of-the-mill"的反義詞,除了top-notch之外,還有什麼其他的說法呢?

"run-of-the-mill"的另外一個反義詞就是"first-rate",這意思和top-notch一樣,同樣是一流或最佳的,用在句子裡,例如: "路克是位一流的同步口譯者",英文就是"Luke is a first-rate simultaneous interpreter.",這裡"simultaneous interpreter"就是"同步口譯者"的意思",整句再一次就是 "Luke is a first-rate simultaneous interpreter."
 

本事、技術 know-how / expertise

l "本事、技術" 英文的一種說法就是"know-how","know-how"的同義字是 expertise (專業知識),反義字是 inexperience (無經驗)



咦? "know-how"不就是「知道是怎麼一回事」的意思嗎? 沒錯,也因此"know-how"就被用來代表"技術; 本事"的意思。例如: "我們需要相關的技術才能開始運作",英文就是"We need the know-how to get the ball rolling.",這裡"get the ball rolling",如果直接翻譯的話就是"讓球開始滾",這樣,讓球開始滾真正的意思,就是"開始進行"的意思,你說英文是不是很有趣啊?

"know-how"的同義字是expertise (專業知識) or "stuff",咦?"stuff"不是'東西'或'填塞'的意思嗎? 沒錯,但是"stuff"同時也有"本事; 實力"的意思,也就是我們這裡的用意,所以我們可以說,"我懷疑她到底有沒有本事堅持下去" 英文就是 "I wonder if she's got the stuff to hang in there.",這裡, "she's"就是「she has」比較簡略的說法,而"hang in there"直接翻譯的話是"吊掛在那裡不要放掉",真正的意思就是"不氣餒;堅持下去" ,其實有很多英文並沒有我們想像的那麼難,常常只我們需要一點點的基本邏輯,就可以從一個字或句子的結構猜出來它的用意,就像"hang in there"一樣。也可以說: "I wonder if she’s got the expertise needed for the job" (我懷疑她是否有沒有這工作所需的專業知識)。



know-how 或 "技術; 本事"的反義詞就是 inexperience (無經驗) or "Achilles' heel"。咦? "Achilles' heel"? 這不是「阿奇裏斯的腳跟」嗎? 這是什麼鬼玩意兒啊? 喔! 原來,Achilles就是希臘神話裡,渾身刀槍不入的戰爭英雄--阿奇裏斯,傳說中,Achilles的母親Thetis為了使Achilles全身刀槍不入,因此就抓住他的腳跟,將他全身浸入斯代克斯(Styx)河中,用河水浸泡他全身,卻沒想到因為Achilles的腳跟沒有被泡到,而因此成為Achilles的致命傷,所以Achilles' heel,也就是「阿奇裏斯的腳跟」就被用來代表"弱點; 要害",用在句子裡,如果我們要形容一個人很害怕親密關係的話,我們可以說"親密關係是我的弱點",英文就是"Intimate relationship is my Achilles' heel.",這裡,"intimate relationship"就是"親密關係"的意思,所以 "His divorce was mainly caused by his inexperience in intimate relationships. " 就是 "他會離婚主要是因為他對親密關係沒有經驗"。
 

千載難逢的機會 golden opportunity / chance in a lifetime

l "golden opportunity",也就是"絕佳的機會",同義詞是"chance in a lifetime",也就是"很難得的機會",反義詞是"a dime a dozen",也就是"多到不稀罕; 平凡的"。

"千載難逢的機會"英文的一種說法就是"golden opportunity",雖然"golden"意思也是"金色的",但是這裡的"golden"正確的意思是"絕佳的",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"春假期間是學生們放鬆的絕佳機會",英文就是,"Spring Break is a golden opportunity for students to relax",這裡,"Spring Break"就是"春假",因為這裡的"break"就像我們Newsroom Coffee Break 裡的 break一樣就是"休息時間",所以整句再一次就是,"Spring Break is a golden opportunity for students to relax",意思就是,"春假期間是學生們放鬆的絕佳機會"。

"golden opportunity"的同義詞就是"chance in a lifetime",如果直接翻譯的話就是一生一度的機會,因此"chance in a lifetime" 意思就是"很難得的機會",例如:"那份工作不但是個金礦,也是致富的難得機會",英文就是,"The job is a gold mine and a chance in a life time to get rich.","gold mine"意思就是"金礦",也同時是搖錢樹或聚寶盆的意思。

"golden opportunity"或"千載難逢的機會"的反義詞就是"a dime a dozen",意思就是"多得不稀罕; 平凡的",因為"dime"就是美金和加拿大錢幣的一角,而"dozen"就是十二個或一打的意思,所以"a dime a dozen"就是隱喻"一角買一打",因此也就是"多得不稀罕; 平凡的",用在句子裡,我們可以說「這些所謂的黃金定律一點都不稀奇」,"These so-called Golden Rules are a dime a dozen.",這裡,"so-called"的意思就是"所謂的",而"Golden Rules"就是"黃金定律;做人法則"的意思。
絞盡腦汁 rack one's brain / spare no effort

l "rack one's brain",也就是"絞盡腦汁",同義詞是"spare no effort",意思就是"不遺餘力" ,反義字就是"halfhearted",意思就是"不認真的; 不熱心的"。



"絞盡腦汁"用英文要怎麼形容呢?"絞盡腦汁"的英文其實和中文的說法是一模一樣的,就是"rack one's brain",這意思的確就是"絞盡腦汁",因為"rack"就是"從渣滓中榨出"的意思,例如:"女工程師為了找出程式中的錯誤而絞盡腦汁",英文就是,"The engineer racked her brain to find the bug",咦? 這裡怎麼出現了一隻"bug"呢? "bug"不就是'蟲'的意思嗎? 沒錯,但是"bug"同時也有故障和毛病的涵義,因此在電腦科技界,"bug"也就被用來代表"程式中的錯誤"。

"rack one's brain"的同義詞就是"spare no effort",意思就是"不遺餘力",因為"spare"就是節約或省略的意思,而"effort"就是"努力"的意思,因此"spare no effort"或「不保留任何努力」也就是"不遺餘力"的意思,用在句子裡,例如:"那家上市公司不遺餘力的為研發中心升級",英文就是,"The listed company spared no effort in upgrading its R&D center.",這裡,"listed company"就是上市公司的意思,因為一個上市的公司就意味著被列入上市公司名單一樣,接下來,"R&D"就是"research and development"的縮寫,也就是"研發"的意思。

"rack one's brain"的反義字就是"halfhearted",咦?"halfhearted"怎麼聽起來像是「只用半顆心」? 沒錯!"halfhearted"的涵義就是隱喻著「只用了半顆心」的心態,也因此"halfhearted"意思就是"不認真的; 不熱心的",你看,其實英文就是這麼的有趣和簡單,常常只需要一點點的基本邏輯,我們就可以從結構上猜出來一個字或句子的涵義,就像"halfhearted"一樣,所以將"halfhearted"用在句子裡,我們可以說,"餐廳的雜役因為不夠認真而被炒魷魚",英文就是,"The busboy was canned for his halfhearted attitude.",不對呀! "canned"不就是"can"或罐頭的形容詞嗎? 沒錯,但是"canned"同時也有"被停止"的意思,也因此被用來代表被解雇或被炒魷魚的意思。
團圓 reunion / get-together

l "團圓"的英文就是"reunion","reunion"的同義詞就是"get-together","reunion"的反義字就是"split-up"



團圓"的英文是什麼呢?"團圓"的英文就是"reunion",很有趣的,就算我們對這個生字不熟,我們只要仔細的看一看這個生字的結構,我們其實就可以很輕易的猜出來它的涵義,因為從結構上,這個生字的其實就是「重新組成團體」的意思,因為它是由字首"re-",和"union"組成的,而這裡,字首"re-"就是"再一次"的意思,就像return就是「再回到…(某地方)」,或renew就是「讓某個東西再變成新的」,也就是「更新」,然後"-union"就是組織或團體的意思,因此"re-union"就彷彿是「重新組成團體」,也因此"reunion"就是團圓的意思,其實英文就和中文一樣很有趣的能夠從結構上透露很多訊息,我們希望能教大家用這樣比較活的方式來學習英文,不但會比較簡單和有趣,而且也會更有效率,所以要將"reunion"用在句子裡,我們可以說,"她到了同學會的時候,差一點就遲到了",英文就是,"She made it to her school reunion just in time.",這裡,"made it"就是"及時到達"的意思,而"just in time"如果直接翻譯的話,意思就是「剛剛好在時間限制內」,因此"just in time"意思就是"剛剛好及時"。

"reunion"的同義詞就是"get-together",意思就是"聚會",咦?"get-together"不是「聚在一起」的意思嗎?沒錯。 不過"get-together"也可以當作名詞,也就是"一場聚會"的意思,因此我們可以說,"不要跟別人說喔, 我認為那場聚會真是無聊",英文就是,"Between you and me, the get-together was a drag.",這裡,"between you and me"就好像是在說"只有我們兩個可以知道",因此"between you and me"就是在說秘密的時候用來表達 "不要告訴別人",最後"drag"就是"無聊的事"。

"reunion"的反義字就是"split-up", 就是"分開"的意思用在句子裡,我們可以說,"那對情侶分手後又合好了",英文就是,"The couple made up again after splitting up.",這裡,"made up"就是"合好"的意思,所以整句再一次就是,"The couple made up again after splitting up.",意思就是,"那對情侶分手後又合好了"。

 

價值連成 priceless / invaluable

l 「價值連成」的英文就是"priceless",同義詞就是"invaluable",反義就是"dirt cheap"

「價值連成」的英文要怎麼說呢?"價值連成"的英文就是"priceless",因為"priceless"是由"price"也就是價格,和字尾"-less"也就是"不會或很難進行"所組成的,因此"priceless"就是意味著很難去賦予價格的,所以也就是"無價的",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"像這麼稀世之珍的的寶物是極為罕見的!",英文就是,"A priceless treasure like this only comes once in a blue moon.",這裡,"once in a blue moon"意思就是千載難逢、非常罕見的,因為blue moon,也就是藍色的月亮,您還記得曾經看過嗎?如果您還真的有看過blue moon的話,那可就真的是千載難逢,因此once in a blue moon也就是千載難逢或非常罕見的意思。

"priceless"的同義詞就是"invaluable",咦?"invaluable"不就是"valuable",也就是貴重的或有價值的,和字首"in-"組成的嗎?沒錯,但是"valuable"也就是"貴重的或有價值的",加上了字首"in-"之後,會變成什麼意思呢?原來字首"in-"在這裡,其實和priceless裡面的字尾-less有相同的功能跟涵義,也就是"不會或無法進行的",因此"invaluable"就是意味著無法賦予價值的,所以"invaluable"就是和priceless一樣就是"無法估價的; 無價的" ,用在句子裡,我們可以說,"若要勝利,佔上風是無比珍貴的戰術",英文就是,"Getting the upper hand is an invaluable tactic for winning.",這裡,"get the upper hand"就彷彿是在一場腕力比賽中奪到上風的位置一樣,意思就是"佔上風",而"tactic"就是"戰術; 策略"的意思,所以整句再一次就是,"Getting the upper hand is an invaluable tactic for winning.",意思就是,"若要勝利,佔上風是無比珍貴的戰術"。



"priceless"或"無價"的反義就是"dirt cheap",咦? "dirt cheap"? "dirt"就是泥土啊! 然後cheap就是"廉價的; 便宜的"那"dirt cheap"又是什麼意思呢? 像"dirt cheap"這句有趣的片語,其實意思就是如逐字翻譯的一樣,意思就是"賤如糞土; 非常便宜的",所以用在句子裡我們可以說,"對於發覺賤如糞土的便宜貨,她最厲害",英文就是"She takes the cake for finding bargains at dirt cheap prices.",這裡,"take the cake"意思就是"得勝; 最突出",但是這不限制於使用在稱讚的情況,也可以用在諷刺或批評的情況下,所以整句再一次就是,"She takes the cake for finding bargains at dirt cheap prices.",意思就是,"對於發覺賤如糞土的便宜貨,她最厲害"。
 

老牌 老手 veteran / old hand

l 「老牌」"veteran",同義字就是「老手」(old hand),反義就是”newcomer"

這裡,「老牌」的定義比較接近資深的意思,因此「老牌的」或資深的,英文就是”veteran”,用在句子裡,我們可以說,"那老牌踢踏舞者因為已經上年紀而表現大不如前",英文就是,"The veteran tap dancer has lost his touch because he’s over the hill.",這裡,因為”tap dance”就是踢踏舞,所以“tap dancer”就是踢踏舞者的意思,然後”lost his touch”或”lost one’s touch”意思就是”表現大不如前”,因為如果逐字翻譯的話,”lost his touch”彷彿意味著”失去了當年的風格”一樣,因此”lost his touch”意思就是”表現大不如前”,over the hill,也就是 “上了年紀”或 “超過了人生的顛峰時期”,所以整句再一次就是,"The veteran tap dancer has lost his touch because he’s over the hill.",意思就是"那老牌踢踏舞者因為已經上年紀而表現大不如前"。

"veteran"或「老牌的」同義字當然就是「老手」,「老手」的英文要怎麼說呢? 如果您猜的是"old hand”,那就恭喜您!因為「老手」的英文真的就是”old hand”,而這裡的hand,涵義比較接近有本事的人或能手的意思,用在句子裡,我們可以說,「因為是演戲老手,她順利的通過了試鏡。」英文就是,"Being an old hand at acting, she coasted through the screen test.",這裡,"coast through”意思就是順力或毫不費力的通過,因為這裡”coast”的涵義就像是毫無阻力的滑行的意思,最後,screen test就是「試鏡」的意思,所以整句再一次就是,"Being an old hand at acting, she coasted through the screen test.",意思就是,「因為是演戲老手,她順利的通過了試鏡」。

"veteran"或「老牌」的反義就是"newcomer",咦? "newcomer"? 這聽起來怎麼很像「新來的人」? 沒錯! "newcomer"意思的確就像是「新來的人」一樣,因此newcomer就是新手或初學者的意思,用在句子裡, "他因為是新手而一直被找麻煩",英文就是“He was constantly picked on because he is a newcomer.” 這裡,"pick on"就是 “戲弄找麻煩或挑剔”的意思,所以整句就是,“He was constantly picked on because he is a newcomer.”,意思就是,"他因為是新手而一直被找麻煩"。

 

當今的時代 nowadays / these days

l 「當今的時代」英文就是"nowadays" ,同義字就是「these days」,反義就是"old days"。

「當今的時代」英文就是"nowadays",仔細一看,就可以發現,從now和days,就看的出來這個字意味著「現在這些日子的」,也因此"nowadays"意思就是"當今的; 時下的",我們可以說,"當今的年輕人對於公共服務比較沒那麼狂熱",英文就是,"The kids nowadays are not as gung ho about public service.",這裡,"kids"就是年輕人很口語化的稱呼,但是會用"kids"來稱呼年輕人的,應該是自己已經不是年輕人的成年或中年以上的人,接下來"gung ho",是來自於中文的外來語,意思就是"狂熱的; 賣力的" ,所以整句再一次就是,"The kids nowadays are not as gung ho about public service."

"nowadays"的同義字就是「these days」,如果逐字翻譯的話就是「這些日子」,因此正確的意思就是''當今的; 現代的",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"現在女人在股市大賺錢已經不是什麼大不了的事了",英文就是,"It's not unheard of for women to make a killing in stocks these days.",這裡,"unheard of"意思就是"前所未聞的",因為"unheard"裡面的"heard"就是"hear"或"聽見; 聽到"的過去式,因此加上這裡代表"沒有"或含有否定涵義的字首"un-","unheard of"就成為"前所未聞的"的意思,但是我們句子裡是說,"not unheard of",所以意思就變成"不是前所未聞的",也就是"不是什麼大不了的事了",然後"make a killing",這意思並不是真的去實行屠殺喔!而是"大賺一筆錢"的一種很口語和風趣的片語,而"stocks"就是股票或股市的簡稱,所以整句再一次就是,"It's not unheard of for women to make a killing in stocks these days.",意思就是,"現在女人在股市大賺錢已經不是什麼大不了的事了"。

"nowadays"或"老牌"的反義就是"old days"。 "old days"當然就是"從前; 往昔"的意思,用在句子裡我們可以說,"在從前,有許多人以聽廣播劇為樂",英文就是"In the old days, people used to get a kick out of radio dramas.",這裡,"get a kick out of",意思就是"從某個人、事情或東西中得到樂趣",因為kick在這裡意思是刺激或興奮,所以"get a kick"就是得到樂趣,而"out of"就是"由某個人、事情或東西中取得,因此"get a kick out of"就是從某人、事物得到樂趣"的意思,最後,"radio drama"就是nowadays 或 these days 比較罕見的廣播劇,所以整句再一次就是,"In the old days, people used to get a kick out of radio dramas.",意思就是,"在從前,有許多人以聽廣播劇為樂"。

 

獨一無二 one-of-a-kind / in a class by oneself

l "獨一無二"的一種說法就是one-of-a-kind,同義詞就是"in a class by oneself",反義詞-- "a dime a dozen"

"獨一無二"的一種說法就是one-of-a-kind,但是今天我們還要再學另外一個"獨一無二"的表達方式,那就是"one and only","one and only"如果直接翻譯的話就是「一個,而且是唯一的」,所以"one and only"正確的意思就是"獨一無二" ,把它用在句子裡,我們可以說,"那獨一無二的爵士歌後會讓你著迷",英文就是,"The one and only queen of jazz will put a spell on you.",這裡,"put a spell on"意思就是"促使著迷"的意思,因為這裡的"spell",意思就是"魔力或魅力"的意思,因此"put a spell on"就是"促使著迷"的意思。

"one and only"的同義詞就是"in a class by oneself",意思同樣也是"獨一無二",因為這裡的"class"是"等級"的意思,因此"in a class by oneself"或「有自己獨有的等級」,意思就是"獨一無二",但是,當我們將"in a class by oneself"用在句子裡的時候,我們必須要把"oneself"用適當的代名詞替換,譬如: "in a class by itself"、himself、herself還有複數的themselves或ourselves,用在句子裡,我們可以說,"要談到靈魂音樂,麗娜顯然是獨一無二",英文就是,"When it comes to soul, Nina is by far in a class by herself.",這裡,"soul"就是"靈魂音樂"的俗稱,然後"by far"就是"顯然",所以整句再一次就是,"When it comes to soul, Nina is by far in a class by herself.",意思就是,"要談到靈魂音樂,麗娜顯然是獨一無二"。

"one and only"或"獨一無二"的反義詞-- "a dime a dozen"也就是「多得不稀罕;平凡的」,和"garden variety"也就是"普通的;平凡的"以外,我們也可以用"everyday"來表達,不過…"everyday"不就是"每天"嗎?沒錯,"everyday"的意思除了是"每一天",同樣也有"平常的;普通的",將"everyday"用在句子裡我們可以說,"他不是穿平常的衣服,而是她最好的衣服去上學",英文就是"He wore his Sunday best instead of his everyday clothes to school.",這裡,"Sunday best"意思就是"最好的衣服" ,因為西方文化的一個傳統就是在Sunday,大家會穿上最正點的禮拜服上教堂,因此"Sunday best"就是指"最好的衣服",而這裡"everyday clothes"剛好是和"Sunday best"成對比的"平常的穿著",所以整句再一次就是,"He wore his Sunday best instead of his everyday clothes to school.",意思就是,"他不是穿平常的衣服,而是她最好的衣服去上學"。
 

文人 scholar / intellectual / highbrow / egghead

l 「文人」除了"scholar"和"intellectual"以外,還可以用"highbrow",同義字是"egghead"就是"高智力的人",反義字是"airhead"

「文人」的英文除了大家比較熟係的"scholar"也就是"學者",和"intellectual"也就是"知識份子"以外,還有什麼比較口語化的說法呢?「文人」除了"scholar"和"intellectual"以外,還可以用"highbrow",也就是"學識高的;文化修養高的知識分子"來表達,"highbrow"就彷彿是在形容會令人提高眉毛,另眼看待的人,我們可以說,"她那些學識高的朋友們不可能對占星學感興趣",意思就是"There's a fat chance that her highbrow friends are into astrology",咦? "fat chance"? 難道是個"胖嘟嘟的機會"嗎? 其實"fat chance"是一句非常普遍的片語,意思就是"毫無機會或不可能的事",而"into"就是"感興趣或著迷"的意思,最後的"astrology"就是很多人非常into的占星術。

  "highbrow"的同義字是"egghead"就是"高智力的人",但是為什麼會用「egghead」來表達呢? 有一種說法是,因為許多高智慧和善於用頭腦的人都比較容易禿頭,因此「egghead」就被用來代表"知識份子; 高智力的人",但是要注意喔,"egghead"在英文裡絕對不是像中文的「蛋頭」有那樣負面的涵義,很遺憾的是,幾乎所有一般的中文字典都將"egghead"以有負面涵義的「蛋頭」作解釋或聯想,其實,在90年代的美國就曾經出現過電腦聯鎖店,因為認為"egghead"是個很colloquial口語化的方式來形容「高智力的人」,因此選用"Egghead"當作聯鎖店的名稱,來吸引高智力和善於運用大腦的消費群眾,將"egghead"用在句子裡,我們可以說,"相信我們國家高超的專家會帶我們走出這個困境",英文就是"I'm sure our nation's eggheads will get us out of this catch-22.","get us out"的意思就是"帶我們走出"或替我們解決",而"catch-22"就是指 "無法脫身的困境"。

  "highbrow"的反義字是"airhead",觀眾朋友不知道猜不猜的出來"airhead"的意思呢?"airhead"就是意味著一個人腦袋裡只有空氣,空空的,也就是"傻瓜或呆子"的意思,但是"airhead"可別亂用喔,不然,不小心會得罪人的,用在句子裡我們可以說,"無論如何,用傻瓜稱呼任何人是毫無理由的",英文就是 "At any rate, calling anyone an airhead is uncalled for.","at any rate"意思就是"無論如何",而 "uncalled for" 意思就是"沒理由的或沒有必要的",整句再一次就是"At any rate, calling anyone an airhead is uncalled for.",意思就是「無論如何,用傻瓜稱呼任何人是沒有必要的」。
 

出乎意料 unexpected / out of the blue / all of a sudden

l 「出乎意料」的英文就是"unexpected" or "out of the blue" (意外的; 突然的),同義詞就是"all of a sudden" ,反義詞就是"cut-and-dried" (預先安排好的;或乏味老套的)

「出乎意料」的英文,最直接的說法就是"unexpected",另外一個很口語化也很實用的說法,那就是"out of the blue",但是"out of the blue"意思不是「從藍色裡出來」喔,而應該彷彿是「由未知,或無法預測的來源冒出來」的意思,因此"out of the blue" 意思就是"意外的; 突然的",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"我男朋友突然出現而讓我覺得很高興",英文就是,"My boyfriend made my day when he appeared out of the blue.",這裡,"made my day"意思就是"使某某人很高興"的意思。

"out of the blue"的同義詞就是"all of a sudden",意思同樣是"突然的",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"突然間,那扒手當場被逮到",英文就是,"All of a sudden, the pickpocket was caught red-handed.",這裡,"pickpocket"就是"扒手",因為會去pick或「扒」人家pocket或「口袋」的就是pickpocket,也就是扒手,然後"red-handed"就是"正在犯罪時"或"當場"的意思,因為"red-handed"就是隱喻著兇手「手上仍然染著血」的意思,因此"red-handed"意思就是"正在犯罪時"或"當場"的意思,所以整句再一次就是,"All of a sudden, the pickpocket was caught red-handed.",意思就是,"突然間,那扒手當場被逮到"。

"out of the blue"的反義詞就是"cut-and-dried",意思就是"預先安排好的;或乏味老套的",因為"cut-and-dried" 彷彿是已經被切好而且乾掉了,所以"cut-and-dried"意思就是「預先安排好的;或乏味老套的」,用在句子裡我們可以說,"總統當場的演講感覺一點也不像是預先安排的",英文就是 "The President's on-the-spot speech doesn't feel cut-and-dried at all.",這裡,"on-the-spot"意思就是"當場的; 現場的",還有最後的"at all"意思就是"一點也不",所以整句再一次就是,"The President's on-the-spot speech doesn't feel cut-and-dried at all.",意思就是,"總統當場的演講感覺一點也不像是預先安排的"。
 

照顧; 注意 keep an eye on / look after

l "keep an eye on",就是"照顧; 注意",的意思,同義詞是"look after" (照顧),反義詞就是"let slide" (忽視; 忽略)。

「看守」的英文可以用最直接的guard和watch來表達,但是我們要教一個最普遍和最口語的表達方式,so how do you say it in English? 那就是"keep an eye on","keep an eye on"意思就是"照顧; 注意",很有趣的是,"keep an eye on"彷彿就是把眼睛維持在某某東西、人或情況上,因此"keep an eye on"的definition或定義就是"照顧; 注意",或用在句子裡,我們可以說,"可以幫我顧著我的位子嗎? 我一下子就回來",英文就是,"Can you keep an eye on my seat? I'll be back in a jiffy.",這裡,"in a jiffy"就是"一下子"的意思。

"keep an eye on"的同義詞就是"look after",這意思可不是往後看或待會兒看喔! "look after"的definition或定義就是"照顧",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"照顧那乖巧的三胞胎真是簡單",英文就是,"Looking after the well-behaved triplets was a real breeze.",這裡,"well-behaved"意思就是"乖巧的",因為能夠behave well或表現很好的,就可以用"well-behaved"來形容,意思也就是"乖巧的",然後"triplets"就是" 三胞胎",最後"a real breeze"就是"一件非常簡單的事",因為"breeze"的意思就是"輕而易舉的事","Looking after the well-behaved triplets was a real breeze.",意思就是,"照顧那乖巧的三胞胎真是簡單"。

"keep an eye on"也就是"照顧; 注意"的反義就是"let slide",definition或定義就是"忽視;忽略",但是要注意喔! 運用時必須在中間加上代名詞或主題喔! 像"let it slide"; "let that guy slide", 或 "let them slide",不過,為什麼"let slide"聽起來像是「讓它滑過去」呢?因為,雖然"let slide"意思不是「讓它滑過去」,但是"let slide"真正的definition確實就彷彿是讓某某人或事情滑過去,因此就是忽視或忽略它,用在句子裡我們可以說,,"就不要計較這一次,而捐棄前嫌吧英文就是"Just let this one slide again, and let bygones be bygones.", 這裡,我們是很口語化的使用"this one"來代表"這一次",然後"let bygones be bygones"就是一句非常普遍的英文諺語,definition就是"捐棄前嫌",或「不再去追究過去的爭執」,因為"bygones"就是"往昔恩怨"的意思,但是注意喔 :要用"let bygones be bygones"的時候,一定要注意兩個重點,first,一定要用複數的"bygones"喔!and second,"let bygones be bygones"只適何用在有不愉快的過去的情形喔,不能用來形容愉快的或單純的往昔喔!
 

儘情享受 live it up / cut loose

l "live it up"就是"儘情享受",同義詞是"cut loose","毫無節制地,放鬆的作樂",反義詞是"cool it",也就是"平靜下來;保持鎮定"

狂歡,或儘情享受"的一種口語的表達方式就是"live it up",意思就彷彿是"體驗生命的最高峰"或是"儘情享受"的意思, 例: "當我去渡假時,我將盡情享受","I'll be living it up when I take my vacation.","take a vacation"就是"渡假"的意思。

"live it up"的同義詞是"cut loose",因為"cut loose"就是彷彿是解放了作樂的心情,因此"cut loose"就是"毫無節制地,盡情的放鬆作樂. 例: "She really cut loose once the band began to play.","她一聽到樂隊的演奏就盡情的high起來"。("band"就是"樂隊") "live it up""儘情享受"的反義詞是"cool it","平靜下來;保持鎮定" 例: "派對還沒開始前我們還是先靜一下吧","Let's cool it until the party kicks off.","kicks off"或"kick off"就是"開始"的意思。
 

一般的 common / general

l "common","一般的",同義字是"general",反義字是"extraordinary""異常的"

"一般的""common",我們可以說,"Frequent hand washing has become a common hygiene practice in fighting SARS.","常洗手已變成預防SARS的基本衛生習慣","frequent","頻繁的,時常的","has become"的解釋是"已經變成","hygiene practice"就是"衛生習慣。
"common","一般的"的同義字是"general",同樣也是"一般的"

"這是個一般的大眾公告.","This is a general public bulletin.","bulletin",""公告",接下來,"public",就是"民眾","Common"的反義詞是"extraordinary"它的意思是"異常的",Ex. “他對於詭計多端的人有非凡的耐心","He has extraordinary patience for people with designing minds.",在這裡"patience",就是"耐心","designing",其實就是"詭計多端的",而"mind"的意思是"主意,想法"。
 

推廣 提倡; 擁護; 支持push for / champion

l "push for"就是"推廣",同義字就是"champion",也就是"提倡; 擁護; 支持"或"提倡者; 擁護者; 支持者"的意思,反義詞就是"talk one out of",意思就是"勸阻;勸止"

「推廣」的一種很廣泛也很口語的表達方式就是用"push for",而且"push for"也比意思同樣是「推廣」的"advocate"或"popularize"會比較口語化,So how do you use it in a sentence? "In the long run, the company's push for zero errors will pay off.",意思就是"公司推廣零失誤終究會成功的"。這裡,"in the long run"意思就是"從長遠的觀點來看; 終究",然後"pay off"意思就是"取得成功"。

"push for"或「推廣」的同義字就是"champion",咦?"champion"意思不就是"優勝者"嗎? 沒錯,但是"champion"也是"提倡; 擁護; 支持"的意思,也同時是"提倡者; 擁護者; 支持者"的意思,因為"champion"就彷彿意味著是為了某某理想或目標而戰勝,因此"champion"也有"提倡; 擁護; 支持"或"提倡者; 擁護者; 支持者"的意思,所以將"champion"以動詞用在句子裡,我們可以說,"那位立委所提倡的法案是十拿九穩的",英文就是,"The bill championed by the lawmaker is in the bag.",這裡,"bill"意思就是"法案",然後"lawmaker"就是立委,因為很簡單的,會"make"或促使"law"或法律形成的人,就是"lawmaker",也就是立法者或立法委員,最後,"in the bag"意思就是"十拿九穩的; 鐵定成功的",這彷彿意味著像是已經入袋的獵物,所以"in the bag"意思就是"十拿九穩的; 鐵定成功的",所以整句再一次就是,"The bill championed by the lawmaker is in the bag.",意思就是,"那位立委所提倡的法案是十拿九穩的"。

"push for"的反義就是"Talk one out of",意思就是"勸阻;勸止","Talk one out of"意味著把一個人從一種想法勸出來,因此"Talk one out of"意思就是"勸阻;勸止",用在句子裡我們可以說,"總有一天我一定會勸止他的白日夢",英文就是"One of these days, I'll talk him out of his pipe dream for sure.",這裡,"one of these days"其實不需要怎麼解釋,因為很簡單的,"one of these days"意思就是"總有一天",然後"pipe dream"就是"白日夢",因為"pipe dream"其實是以前用來形容鴉片迷抽煙鬥時想出來的荒謬的念頭,因此"pipe dream"就被用來代表"白日夢",最後"for sure"就是"必定的; 一定會",所以整句再一次就是,"One of these days, I'll talk him out of his pipe dream for sure.",意思就是,"總有一天我一定會勸止他的白日夢"。
 

移交 hand over / turn over

l 移交儀式的「移交」"hand over", 同義詞是"turn over" , 反義詞是"hang on to","握住不放;設法保住"

移交儀式的「移交」"hand over","hand"的意思是"當面交出"或"給"的意思,而"over"是"從一方到另一方"的意思所以"hand over"就是"移交";用在句子裡我們可以說,"也該是國王移交王位的時候了","It's about time the king handed over his throne.","It's about time"是"也該是時候了"。   

"hand over"「移交」的同義詞是"turn over",雖然,大家可能知道"turn over"有"翻過來"的意思,它同時也有"移交;或交出"的意思,因為這裡的"turn"是轉移,"over"和之前一樣,是"從一方到另一方"的意思因此"turn over"和"hand over"一樣是"移交"的意思我們可以說,"只要你要求,我就把我的報告給你","Just say the word, and I’ll turn over my report to you.","say the word"意思就是"開口;吩咐一聲"。

"hand over"或"移交"的反義詞是"hang on to","握住不放;設法保住",Using "Hang onto" in a sentence, we can say, "Everything’s coming up roses because she hung on to her beliefs." 意思就是,"因為她堅守她的信念,現在一切都有完美的結果","came up roses"或"come up roses",就是"有完美的結果"

 

保護者;守護者或管理員 guardian / custodian

l "guardian","保護者;守護者或管理員",同義字(synonym)是,"custodian","監護人;保護者;公共設施的管理人", 反義字(antonym) 是"persecutor","迫害者;困擾者;虐待者"

"守護者"的英文是"guardian",同時含有"保護者;守護者或管理員"的意思.How can we use our keyword "guardian" in a sentence? 例: "今晚,我的媽媽是我的伴護兼守護者" "My Mom is my chaperon and guardian tonight.",在這裡,"chaperon",就是"陪伴著未婚少女上社交場所的年長女伴","Guardian"的同義字(synonym)是"custodian",它的意思是"監護人;保護者;公共設施的管理人",例: "歌仔戲演員是民俗藝術的維護者”-- "Performers of Taiwanese opera are custodians of a folk art.","Taiwanese opera"是個複習字,它的意思就是,"歌仔戲"。

"Guardian"的反義字(antonym)是"persecutor",意思是"迫害者;困擾者;虐待者",例: "垃圾蟲是我們環境的迫害者","Litter bugs are persecutors of our environment.","litterbug.","或"垃圾蟲"是"在街道或公共場所隨處亂丟垃圾的人","litter"就是"亂丟雜物","bug"是"蟲",所以,"litterbug"就是"垃圾蟲",這句話的最後一個生字是,"environment",環境"。
 

別開生面 嶄新的 spanking new / brand new

l "spanking new" (「別開生面」,或 嶄新的),同義詞是"brand new",反義是"have had it":"失效了或受夠了"

要用英文表達「別開生面」,或強調某東西是嶄新的,我們可以用"spanking new"來表達."spanking"可不是打屁股的意思喔! 這裡"spanking"的意思其實就是「非常」或「十足的」因此"spanking new" 的定義就是非常的新,或"嶄新的",Using "spanking new" in a sentence,我們可以說,"Whoever lives in that spanking new mansion must be filthy rich." "住在那棟嶄新別墅裡面的人一定非常有錢"。 ("filthy rich"就是"極度的富有",因為"filthy"有「卑鄙;可恥」的涵義,因此"filthy rich"是一種很幽默的方式來形容「有錢到了卑鄙可恥的程度」,也就是"極度的富有",這裡的"filthy"和剛才的"spanking"有相同的作用,都是以"極端的"含意來加強後面的形容詞。

"spanking new"嶄新的同義詞是"brand new","全新的"將"brand new"用在句子裡,我們可以說,"她煥然一新的髮型在辦公室裡造成轟動","Her brand new hairdo made a splash at the office.","made a splash"或"make a splash"就是"引起他人注意;轟動一時","hairdo"就是"髮型",有時,"hairdo"也可以簡稱為"do",也就是"髮型"的俚語。

"spanking new"的反義是"have had it",意思就是"失效了或受夠了 ",這裡的"it"是意味著"生命的期限"的意思,因此"have had it"就是隱喻著「生命的期限已經過了」,或是"失效了; 受夠了",Using "have had it" in a sentence, we can say, "The computer that crashes day in and day out has had it this time." (那座每天在當機的電腦這次可真的掛了),"crashes"或"crash"就是電腦當機的意思,"day in, day out" 是 "日復一日; 持續不斷",請注意,這句話裡的電腦只有一台,是單數,所以我們必須把"have had it"改成"has had it",整句再一次,"The computer that crashes day in and day out has had it this time." (那座每天在當機的電腦這次可真的掛了)。

 

專家 specialist / connoisseur

l "specialist"是"專家",它的同義字是"connoisseur","行家;鑑賞家; 鑑定家","specialist"的反義字是"beginner","初學者; 新手"

"內行"的英文是"specialist",同時也有"專家"的含意. Let's try to use "specialist" in a sentence. We can say,"身為一位考古學專家,她對歷史也相當熱誠","Being a specialist in archeology, she is also big on history.","archeology",就是"考古學","big on",就是"對某個東西有熱誠"。

"specialist"的同義字就是"connoisseur",它是個法語外來字,意思是,"行家;鑑賞家; 鑑定家"的意思.用在句子裡,我們可以說,"那位女總裁是個裝置藝術的行家","The female CEO is a connoisseur of installation art.","CEO",是Chief Executive Officer 的縮寫字,意思就是"總裁;首席執行長","installation art.",就是現在很流行的"裝置藝術"。

"specialist""專家"的反義字是"beginner",初學者; 新手",的意思,Using "beginner" in a sentence,例: "希拉蕊在應付爭議上已經不是個新手","Hillary is no beginner in coping with controversies.","coping"或"cope",就是"應付;克服; 妥善處理"的意思."controversies"或單數的"controversy",就是"爭論; 辯論; 爭議"的意思."Hillary is no beginner in coping with controversies.","希拉蕊在應付爭議上已經不是個新手"。
 

興旺;茂盛;繁榮 flourish / thrive

l "flourish","興旺;茂盛; 繁榮"的意思,同義字是"thrive""茁壯成長; 欣欣向榮",反義詞是 "go to the dogs","墮落; 敗壞; 衰退; 瀕臨崩潰"

"flourish",意思就是"興旺;茂盛; 繁榮",用"flourish"來造句,我們可以說:"The crisis inspired a trend of flourishing spiritual reflection." (這個危機啟發了一陣蓬勃的心靈反省趨勢),"crisis",是"危機;緊急關頭; 難關"的意思."inspire" "引起,賦予啟示","trend" "趨勢,傾向"最後,"spiritual reflection",是"心靈的反省"。

"flourish"繁榮"的同義字是"thrive",它的意思是"興旺; 茁壯成長; 茂盛生長;欣欣向榮",我們可以說,"煽情的媒體報導因為民眾的好奇天性而得以欣欣向榮","Sensational media reporting thrives on people's instinctive curiosity.","sensational","引起轟動的,煽情的","reporting","報導","instinctive",(出於)本能或天性的;(來自於)直覺的",最後,"curiosity",是好奇心"的意思."。

"flourish" "興旺,茂盛"的反義字是"go to the dogs","墮落;敗壞; 衰退; 瀕臨崩潰","在找到自我之前,她的一生都瀕臨崩潰","Her life was going to the dogs until she found her true self.","true self","真正的自己"。

 

崇敬,尊崇, 敬仰 revere / esteem

l "revere"的意思就是"崇敬,尊崇, 敬仰",同義字 "esteem" (尊重,尊敬;珍重),反義字是,"dishonor","侮辱,不尊重"。

"尊重""revere",崇敬, 尊崇, 敬仰"的意思.用在句子裡, 例: "原住民崇敬大自然為祖傳的財產","The natives revere nature as an ancestral heritage.","natives",或單數的"native",是"原住民; 本地人"的意思。"nature","大自然","ancestral"是"祖先的; 祖傳的","heritage",繼承物;遺產; 或傳統"。

"revere"的同義字是"esteem",意思就是"尊重,尊敬;珍重",Using "esteem" in a sentence, we can say,"人們對於教授的非凡智力甚為敬佩",英文就是,"People have great esteem for the professor's intellect.","professor",就是"教授","intellect",就是"智力; 思維能力; 理解力"。

"崇敬"的反義字是"dishonor",意思就是"侮辱,不尊重",將"dishonor"用在句子裡,我們可以說"簽賭的謠言使得教練的名聲受損","Rumors of game-fixing dishonored the coach's reputation.","rumors"或單數的"rumor",就是"謠言"的意思."game-fixing",就是之前在新聞曾經聽到過的"簽賭"或"經由作弊來操縱比賽或遊戲的結果","coach",就是"教練; 指導員",最後,"reputation"是"名聲,聲望"。

 

看一看 have a look / check out

l "have a look",是"看一看",同義詞是"check out",反義詞是"uninterested","不關心的; 沒興趣的"

「看一看」"have a look",這和另一個說法"take a look"的意思是一樣的,也是「看一看」,Using "have a look" in a sentence, we can say, "別急! 我想先看看產品再付錢" ,"Hold your horses! I'd like to have a look at the product before I pay.","hold your horses"就是"把你的馬匹控制好",或是"不要急","Hold your horses! I'd like to have a look at the product before I pay.","別急! 我想先看看產品再付錢" 。

  "have a look"的同義詞是"check out" ,"check"同時也是"檢查"的意思,因此"check out"就像是「去查看」,去「看一看」,用在句子裡,我們可以說,"我們去那間新開的愛爾蘭酒吧看一看,第一杯我請客.","Let's go check out the new Irish pub. The first drink's on me.","Irish pub"就是"愛爾蘭酒吧","the first drink's on me"可不是"第一杯倒在我身上"喔! 雖然聽起來很像,但是"is on me"的意思是"算在我頭上",或是更口語話一點,就是"我請客"的意思。

  "have a look"或看一看有什麼反義詞呢?我們可以用"因為好奇的原因而想看一看"的相反,就是uninterested (漠不關心的; 不感興趣的),"uninterested"是由涵義"不是"、"沒有" 或 "相反"的字首"un-"加上"interested""感興趣"或"關心的",來成為"uninterested""漠不關心的; 不感興趣的",以"un"為字首的一些其他例字還有"unfortunate"不幸的; 倒楣的和"unpopular"不受歡迎的,和"unlikely"不太可能的",using "uninterested" in a sentence, we can say,"什麼? 她對那場鞋子拍賣會不感興趣? 那她肯定是瘋了! "What? She's uninterested in the shoe sale? She must be off her rockers.","off her rocker"或"off one's rocker"就是一個很風趣的方式來表達"瘋了",因為rocker就是搖椅、搖籃或會搖擺的東西,因此"off her rocker"或"off one's rocker"就彷彿是一個人從搖椅、搖籃或搖擺的東西上摔了下來,不過rocker在這裡的涵義比較像是一個人衡量是非的能力或判斷力,所以"off her rocker"或"off one's rocker"就意味著一個人失去了她衡量是非的平衡,所以是"瘋了"的意思。
 

恢復健康 get back in shape / get well

l “get back in shape” 就是"恢復健康",同義詞是"get well",同樣是"恢復健康",反義詞是"wear down",也就是"削弱; 耗損"

“恢復健康”除了大家可能比較熟的「recover」以外,還有什麼比較口語的方式表達呢?”恢復健康”最普遍和最口語的表達方式之一就是 “get back in shape”。 這裡in shape的涵義是「處於原來或最佳的狀態」,因此get back in shape就是意味著「回到原有或最佳的狀態」,所以意思就是「恢復健康」,Using "get back in shape" in a sentence, we can say「他在延緩了繁忙的工作行程之後,終於恢復了健康」,意思就是"After putting off his busy schedule, he’s finally back in shape." 這裡"putting off" 或 "put off" 就是意味著「擺到後面一點的時間」,因為put就是 「擺下,放下」,而這裡“off”的意思其實是「離此刻遠一點的時間」,因此"put off" 意思就是「延後; 遲緩」。

"get back in shape"或恢復健康的同義詞就是"get well",意思就是"恢復健康",這裡的well意思就是「健康的; 健全的」,所以"get well"就是"恢復健康",也因此用來祝福生病的人早日康復的卡片就是叫作get well card,Using “get well” in a sentence, We can say"謝謝你鼓勵我要早日康復","Thanks for egging me on to get well." “Thanks”就是”thank you”較口語的說法,而且當我們在和指定的對象面對面對話的時候,我們通常可以省略掉使用 “you”,這樣也比較不會聽起來太正式,因此我們這裡用比較口語和親切的”thanks”,然後,”egg on”,這可不是丟雞蛋喔! “egg on” 就是”鼓勵; 激勵”的意思,”egg on”其實跟雞蛋毫無關係,因為“egg on”的 "egg" 其實是來自於古挪威人語言Norse裡面的"eggja",它的涵義比較接近英文的edge,也就是「徐徐移動」,因此“egg on”的意思就彷彿是「鼓勵; 激勵,一個人漸漸的往目標移動」,"Thanks for egging me on to get well.","謝謝你鼓勵我要早日康復"。

"get back in shape"的反義詞是"wear down",意思就是"削弱; 耗損",這裡的wear意思不是「穿著」喔! 這裡"wear"的意思是"磨損;耗損",所"wear down"就是隱喻著「被磨損下來」,因此"wear down"就是"削弱; 耗損",using “wear down”in a sentence, we can say,"那位單身母親辛苦維持家計,導致健康衰退","Making ends meet for her family wore the single mother down.","making ends meet" 或 “make ends meet”意思就是”維持家計”,因為"make ends meet"如果逐字翻譯的話就是「讓兩端相觸」,「兩端」其實是指「收入」和「開支」,而這裡meet其實是指 「讓它們平衡」。

 

活躍 on the move / in full swing

l "活躍" (on the move),意思就是"在活動中,在進行中"同義字是"in full swing","正在全力進行中;正在最高點",反義字是"inactive","閒置的;不活躍的"

"活躍","on the move",意思是"在活動中,在進行中",我們可以說, "這位積極的企業家一直都很忙碌""The eager entrepreneur is always on the move.","eager"就是"積極,熱切"的意思,"entrepreneur",就是"企業家;事業創辦者","On the move"在這句裡是有"忙碌的"意思,因為它的用法是在意味著這位企業家一直都在積極的進行他的事業,所以意思是"忙碌的"。

"on the move"的同義字是"in full swing",意思就是"正在全力進行中; 正在最高點", 我們可以說, "注重健康的生活方式已成為大趨勢"The trend of health-conscious living is in full swing.","trend"是"趨勢","health-conscious",就是"注重身體健康","health"是"健康","conscious"在這裡的用法是"對.....有意識的,注重的"。

"on the move"的反義字是"inactive",就是"閒置的;不活躍的;",因為字首"in-"有"不,非,無"的涵義而"active"的意思就是"活躍的;活潑的",兩個加起來就變成"inactive""閒置的;不活躍的意思.,"That's an inactive volcano.",意思就是"那是座死火山"。
 

使…融合; 使…合併; 使沒入 merge / blend

l "merge","使…融合; 使…合併; 使沒入",同義字是"blend""使混和; 使交融",反義詞是"split-up","絕裂;脫離;分離"

"融合"的英文是"merge",意思就是"使…融合; 使…合併; 使沒入",Using our keyword "merge" in a sentence,我們可以說,"這個創新的樂團因為擁有融合嘻哈及爵士音樂的特殊風格而出名.""This innovative band is well-known for its unique style of merging hip-hop and jazz music.","innovative"的意思就是"創新的;革新主義的"band"是"樂團","hip-hop",就是現在全球最熱門的"嘻哈"音樂,最後,"unique"是"獨一無二的,特殊的",還有,"style" "風格,作風","This innovative band is well-known for its unique style of merging hip-hop and jazz music.","這個創新的樂團因為擁有融合嘻哈及爵士音樂的特殊風格而出名.","merge"的同義字是"blend",意思就是"使混和; 使交融",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"藍莓和蘆筍混在一起非常的好吃.""Blueberries blend deliciously with asparagus.","blueberry",就是"藍莓","deliciously"是"delicious""好吃的; 美味的; 可口的形容式,最後,"asparagus",就是"蘆筍","Blueberries blend deliciously with asparagus.",意思就是,"藍莓和蘆筍混在一起非常的好吃.",大家如果沒有嘗試過的話,下次可以試試看! 。

再來,"merge"的反義就是"split-up","絕裂;脫離;分離"的意思.Using "split-up" in a sentence,We can say,"男孩偶像樂團的解散讓許多年輕歌迷極度傷心","The split-up of the boy-band crushed many young fans.","boy-band"就是"男孩偶像樂團"的俗稱,因為"boy"是"男孩",而"band"就是之前教過的"樂團",所以"boy-band"就是"男孩偶像樂團","crushed"的意思是"壓碎", 但是在這裡, 比較妥當的解釋是指一個人的心情或情緒被 "壓倒或擊潰","fan"是"狂熱支持者, 仰慕者, 歌迷或影迷",也是熱門廣東口語"fan-si"的由來."The split-up of the boy-band crushed many young fans.","男孩偶像樂團的解散讓許多年輕歌迷極度傷心"。
 

天份 gift

l "天份" gift 的反義字(antonym)是"shortcoming",意思就是"缺失;弱點;短處"

大家可能知道"gift"的一個含意--"禮物"—但 "gift" 的另一個含意是"天份",因為"天份"對於很多人來說,就是上天給的禮物.將"gift"用在句子裡,我們可以說,"那位靈媒有預知未來的天份","The psychic has the gift to foresee the future.","psychic",特別記得,在英文裡只要是(ps)開頭的生字,都必須以(s)音來念,(p)是無聲的.psychic的意思就是"會通靈的人;靈媒",下一個生字"foresee",就是"預知; 有先見之明"的意思。

"gift"的同義字(synonym) 是"flair",天賦; 天資"的意思, Example: "The mathematician has a flair for number crunching" (那位數學家有運算數字的天賦),"mathematician"就是"數學家","number crunching",是"運算數字"。

"gift"的反義字或antonym是"shortcoming",意思就是"缺失;弱點;短處",用在句子裡我們可以說,"彼得最大的缺點就是他不尊重女性(好色)的態度.","Peter's greatest shortcoming is his womanizing attitude.","womanizing" 的意思是"玩弄女人;好近女色"。

p-s開頭的生字要怎麼念呢? ssss, 用S來發音,要記得喔!
 

挽回; 恢復; 解救 redeem / recover

l "redeem",意思是"挽回; 恢復; 解救",同義字是"recover","重新獲得; 重新找到; ",反義詞是 "leave behind",意思是"捨棄, 遺留下..."

"redeem" "挽回",同時也含有"恢復; 贖回;及解救"的意思,Example: "她的婚姻因為她不再當工作狂而獲得解救","Her marriage was redeemed when she stopped being a workaholic." "workaholic",就是"廢寢忘食的工作者;或工作狂","marriage",是"婚姻; 婚姻生活","Her marriage was redeemed when she stopped being a workaholic.","她的婚姻因為她不再當工作狂而獲得解救"。

"redeem"的同義字是"recover",意思就是"重新獲得; 重新找到; " 例: "那位婦女回校就學並重新找到自信心","The woman went back to school and recovered her self-confidence." "go back to school",就是"回校讀書;回校就學","self-confidence.",就是"自信心"。

"redeem"的反義字是"leave behind",意思就是"捨棄,遺留下...",用"leave behind" 來造句,我們可以說,"她離開沒有前途的工作並開了自己的公司","She left her unpromising job behind and started her own business.", "left behind"就是"leave behind"的過去式用法, "unpromising"就是"沒希望的; 沒出息的"。
 

精華 精英 優秀分子 elite / cream of the crop

l "elite",意思是"精華;精英;優秀分子",同義字是"cream of the crop","最好的部份; 一群中的精華",反義詞是"bottom rung",意思是"底層; 最差的"

"精英""elite",意思是"精華;精英;優秀分子",我們可以說,"總統召集了全國最優秀的學者們來開會","The President convened the elite of the nation's scholars for a meeting.","convene",是"召集; 聚集;"的意思,"nation"是"國家,民族""The President convened the elite of the nation's scholars for a meeting.","總統召集了全國最優秀的學者們來開會"。

  "elite"的同義詞是"cream of the crop",意思就是"最好的部份;或一群中的精華".大家可能已經熟係"cream"的一個含意,"奶油".而奶油又是從奶水裡提煉出來的精華."crop"的意思是"收成". 所以收成中的精華就是 "cream of the crop"用我們的同義詞來造句, 我們可以說,"這些天文學家是國內的精英","These astronomers are the nation's cream of the crop.","astronomer",是"天文學家"。

  "elite""優秀份子"的反義詞是"bottom rung",意思就是"底層;最差的",例: "貧困的人生活在社會的最底層",英文就是,"Those living in poverty are at the bottom rung of the society.","poverty",是"貧窮; 貧困"。
 

爽朗的 活潑的 精神飽滿的 chipper / zippy

l "chipper",意思是"爽朗的;活潑的; 精神飽滿的; ",同義字是"zippy",同樣是"精神飽滿的; 敏捷的; 活潑的",反義字是"pooped",意思是"筋疲力竭的"

"活潑奔放"的英文,是"chipper",意思就是"爽朗的;活潑的; 精神飽滿的; ",將"chipper"用在句子裡,我們可以說,"你今天看起來倒是挺活潑的嘛!","You're looking particularly chipper today!","particularly",的意思是"非常地,或尤其"。

"chipper"的同義字是"zippy",意思是"精神飽滿的; 敏捷的; 活潑的",Using "zippy" in a sentence, We can say,"樂隊為遊行演奏了一首輕快的曲子","The band played a zippy number for the parade.","number",在這裡的意思是"演奏樂曲;或表演的其中一個項目","parade"是"遊行"。

"chipper"的反義字是"pooped",意思就是"筋疲力竭的",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"那個運動訓練用掉了我所有的力氣","I am pooped after that workout.","workout",是"運動訓練","I am pooped after that workout.",意思就是"那個運動訓練用掉了我所有的力氣。

 

康復 get well / pick up

l "get well","康復",同義詞是"pick up",反義詞是 "fall ill",意思是"生病"

"康復","get well",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"你最好能趕快在我們去鄉下前康復","You better get well before we head for the country.",在這裡,"head"的意思是"出發,或駛往","country"的意思是"鄉下”。

"get well"的同義詞是"pick up",意思是"恢復健康或精神;改進",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"他在手術後一下子就康復了","He picked up in no time at all after the surgery.","in no time at all",的意思就是"很快的; 迅速的; 馬上的","surgery"是"手術"。

"get well"的反義字是"fall ill",意思就是"生病",將"fall ill" 用在句子裡,我們可以說,"瑪莉在從週末假期回來後就生病了","Mary has fallen ill after the weekend getaway",在這裡,"getaway"的用意是"短期的休假",而"getaway"的原意事實上是"逃走",所以有時候,當一個人想要表示因為工作繁忙或生活壓力重大而需要用一個小小的假期來解脫時,就可以用"getaway"來表達。

 

扭轉 turn around / overturn

l "turn around","扭轉",同義字是"overturn",意思是"顛覆;推翻",反義字是 "backup","支持"

"扭轉""turn around",Using "turn around" in a sentence, we can say,"她因為堅守立場而扭轉了大眾的意見","She turned public opinion around by sticking to her gun.","stick to one's gun",就是"堅守立場"。

"turn around"的同義詞是"overturn",意思是"顛覆;推翻",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"The new Managing Director overturned many decisions made by his predecessor.","新的總經理推翻了許多他的前任所做的決定.","Managing Director"是"常務董事,總經理" 。"Managing Director"這兩個字的第一個字母為何都是大寫呢? 這是因為"Managing Director","總經理"是一個頭銜.在英文文法中,我們會習慣性的把頭銜稱呼的第一個字母用大寫的方式來表達,以示尊重.最後,"predecessor"是"前任"的意思.。

"turn around""扭轉"的反義詞是"back up",意思就是"支持",將"back up" 用在句子裡,我們可以說,"被控的殺人犯提供了不在場證明來支援他無罪的抗辯."The accused murderer backed up his plea to innocence with an alibi.","accuse"就是"指控,控告""murderer"是"殺人犯,兇手""plea" "(法律)抗辯","innocence" "無罪,清白"最後,"alibi"就是"(法律)不在犯罪現場的證明"。

 

熱鬧的 活躍的 bustling / lively

l "bustling","熱鬧的,活躍的"同義字是,"lively","精力充沛的,生氣勃勃的"反義字是"dead","沉悶的; 乏味的; 毫無生氣的"

"熱鬧""bustling","熱鬧的,活躍的",Using "bustling" in a sentence?,We can say,"台灣夜市的熱鬧景象很受觀光客的歡迎.""The bustling sights and sounds of Taiwanese night markets are popular tourist attractions.","sight and sound"的意思是"景象",因為"sight"是"視覺,視力"而"sound"是"聽覺,聲音","popular"是"受歡迎的,得人心的"而"tourist attraction"是"觀光勝地"。

"bustling"的同義字是"lively","精力充沛的,生氣勃勃的",用在句子裡,我們可以說,"The lively party is just kicking off."意思是,"熱鬧的派對才正要開始.","kick off"的意思是 "活動的開始"大家聽到這個字可能會馬上聯想到美式足球賽.因為在美式足球賽中,第一次的"kick off"或第一次踢球出去,就是比賽的開始。

"bustling","熱鬧"的反義字就是"dead","dead"除了是"死的; 沒有生命的"意思之外,在這裡的涵義也有"沉悶的; 乏味的; 毫無生氣的",Using "dead" in a sentence?,We can say,"要在一個無聊的派對玩得開心是一件很難的事情","It's hard to have a good time at a party that's dead.","good time"是"一段好的時光,或開心的經驗"。

 

值得 worth / deserving

l "worth",意思是"值得",同義字是"deserving",""應受賞的,值得的"反義字是"unworthy" "不值得的,不配的"

"值得"的英文是"worth",用在句字裡,我們可以說,"要找便宜貨,廉價市場值得一探"英文是,"The flea market is worth a visit for bargains.",在這裡,"flea market",的意思就是"跳蚤市場; 或攤市","bargain",是"廉價品;便宜貨"。

"worth"的同義詞是"deserving",意思是"應受賞的,值得的",將"deserving"用在句子裡,我們可以說,"他對公司的貢獻是值得受到獎賞的.""His contribution to the company is deserving of an award.","contribution"是我們之前教過的"捐獻",但是在這裡它的函意是以"貢獻"來解釋比較妥當."award"就是" 獎品,獎賞"。

  "worth""值得"的反義詞是"unworthy","不值得的,不配的",Using "unworthy" in a sentence. We can say, "He is unworthy of the promotion."意思就是,"他不配被升遷.","promotion"是"(工作上的)升遷,或晉級"。
 

全民公投 plebiscite / referendum

l "plebiscite"是「超越憲法但不受憲法約束的人民自決主權公投」」,"referendum"則是「有憲法約束力但必須透過法律程式來執行的【全民公投】」

兩種「全民公投」的英文說法,那就是"plebiscite",和 "referendum",這兩個字的中文定義都是"全民公投"。但是,雖然這兩個字的中文定義是一樣的, 在英文用法上卻不能互相替用.因為雖然 "plebiscite"和"referendum"確實在性質上有類似的地方,但是在憲法約束力上卻是有很大的差別。

  在大部分的中文或英漢字典裡,"plebiscite"和"referendum"多半都是以很簡單的"全民公投"來做解釋,但是兩者其實是不一樣的,"plebiscite"是純粹的一種全民投票,是國家或社區的民眾用來表達自決或自主權的最根本工具,但它也只限於是一種表達民眾意見的工具"plebiscite"的結果,在憲法上是沒有約束力的,不過,"referendum"在憲法上則是有約束力,"referendum"是用來再次"確認"或"否定"某個政策的合法性或妥當性的工具,而"referendum"的公投過程必須透過法律程式來執行,所以"referendum"比較準確的中文定義應該說是"憲法或法案複決"的"全民公投",現在我們終於把 "plebiscite" 和 "referendum" 的差別搞清楚了. Let's try to use them in a sentence. 我們可以說,"獲得老百姓支援的主權公投引發了法定公投案的成立"英文就是,"The favorable outcome of the plebiscite led to the set up of a referendum.","favorable",就是"贊同的","outcome"是"結果,結局",而"set up"就是"成立"的意思,因為"set"有"放置; 安裝; 豎立"的涵義,整句再一次,"The favorable outcome of the plebiscite led to the set up of a referendum."。

  執行全民公投的主要目的,通常是用來推行或廢除某個公共政策或計畫,"公共政策",英文就是"public policy",因為"public"就是"民眾;公眾;或眾人的","policy"就是"政策",所以"public policy"就是"公共政策"另外,"公共計畫"的英文是"public program","program"就是"計畫"的一種說法,用在句子裡,我們可以說,"舉行公投的目的是要推行或廢除一項公共計畫"英文就是"A referendum is held to introduce or repeal a public program.","hold"是"舉行;舉辦",而"held"就是"hold"的過去式用法.,"introduce"是"正式提出;推行,或介紹"最後,"repeal"就是"放棄;否定; 撤銷;"的意思. 整句再一次,"A referendum is held to introduce or repeal a public program."
 

爭議 爭論有爭議的;引起爭論的 controversy / controversial

主權;統治權 sovereignty / sovereign

l controversy 和 controversial,分別是 "爭議; 爭論" 和 "有爭議的;引起爭論的"

sovereignty和 sovereign意思就是 "主權;統治權" 和 "自決的; 具有獨立主權的"

兩種【全民公投】的英文說法,"plebiscite" 和"referendum","plebiscite"是「超越憲法但不受憲法約束的人民自決主權公投」」,"referendum"則是「有憲法約束力但必須透過法律程式來執行的【全民公投】」。在國內英文媒體裡會常看到"controversy"和"controversial"這兩個生字,因為"controversy" 是"爭議; 爭論,辯論"的意思,而"controversial" 就是"有爭議的;引起爭論的",用"controversial"來造句,我們可以說"Are you for or against the controversial measure?","你支持還是反對那有爭議的措施?","for",就是"贊成;支持"比較口語化的說法,相反的,"against",就是"反對","measure",是"措施; 法案;議案"的意思。

另外,"sovereignty"和"sovereign"這兩個生字,"sovereignty"就是"主權;統治權"的意思, 而"sovereign" 就是"自決的; 具有獨立主權的",用"sovereign"造句,我們可以說 "Do you believe a referendum on national sovereignty is in order?","你認為有必要舉行一場決定國家主權的全民公投嗎?" "in order"的意思就是"妥當的; 有必要的"。

 

推薦 recommendation / 酒莊; 葡萄園 vineyard / 爭取,為…而努力 shoot for / 世界級的名望; 國際聲望 world-class fame / 觀光 sightseeing

"With recommendation from the President, the vineyard is shooting for world-class fame.","有了總統的推薦,這個酒莊將奮力爭取國際名望","recommendation"是"推薦"的意思"vineyard"是"酒莊; 葡萄園","shoot for"就是"爭取 ;為…而努力; ",最後,"world-class fame"是"世界級的名望; 國際聲望",因為"world-class"的意思就是"世界級的",而"fame"就是"名望","With recommendation from the President, the vineyard is shooting for world-class fame.","有了總統的推薦,這個酒莊將奮力爭取國際聲望"。

"The winery's integrated tour of education and sightseeing is popular among tourists."意思就是,"結合了教育和觀光的釀酒廠行程很受遊客的歡迎.""winery"就是 "葡萄酒釀造廠"的另一個說法,"integrate"是"結合","sightseeing"是"觀光",因為"sight"是"景色",所以"sightseeing"就是"看景觀",或"觀光"。

 

第一夫人 First Lady / 前往make a trip / 文化交流 cultural exchange / 七月中旬 mid-July / 擔任 serve / 專題演講者 特邀演講者 keynote speaker / 開幕典禮 opening ceremony

"The First Lady will make a cultural exchange trip in mid-July."意思就是,"第一夫人將在七月中旬進行一趟文化之旅","First Lady"就是"第一夫人",這兩個字的第一個字母都是用大寫的,因為"First Lady"是個頭銜,因此第一個字母用大寫的方式來表達,已示尊重,"make a trip",是"進行一段旅程"因為"make"在這裡的意思是"從事; 實行",而"trip"是"旅程"或"旅遊"的意思.但是"make a trip"同時也可以很單純的是"前往"的意思.像是,"make a trip to the corner store","去路口的商店跑一趟","cultural exchange",是"文化交流",因為"cultural"就是"文化的; 人文的","exchange"是"交換; 交流",最後,"mid-July"是七月中旬",因為"July"是"七月",而"mid-"就是"middle of","中旬"比較簡短的說法mid-的其他用法還有"mid-Autumn""中秋",或是莎士比亞的"仲夏夜之夢","A Mid-summer Night's Dream"。

另外,第一夫人吳淑珍將擔任故宮博物院在德國展覽時的開幕致詞貴賓,這句話的英文說法是,"She'll serve as the keynote speaker at the opening ceremony.","她將在開幕典禮擔任致詞貴賓","serve"在這裡的用意是"擔任","keynote speaker"就是"特邀演講者; 專題演講者",因為"keynote"就是"主旨,基調"的意思,而"speaker"就是"演講者",最後,"opening ceremony"是開幕典禮。

 

博物館、美術館的館長 curator / 指望; 依靠 bank on / 展覽 exhibit / 博物院的官方人員 museum's official / 使發生 完成 bring to pass

"Curators in both countries are banking on the exhibit to be a hit. ",意思就是,"兩國的博物館館長都希望這個展覽會大受歡迎","curator"是"博物館或美術館的館長","bank on",就是"指望; 依靠",它的由來跟銀行儲蓄是很有關的.當我們把錢存到銀行時,我們一定會期望銀行能夠好好的保管我們的積蓄,甚至於讓它生息,因此"bank on"也就有"指望; 依靠"的意思.最後,"exhibit" 是"展覽"。

  另外,根據故宮博物院的資料,德國早在一九九五年就開始與我國故宮博物院洽談這次展覽的可能性,但是,一直到一九九八年德國議會通過了文化財產保護法之後,才讓我國放心的在有法律拘束力的承諾交還保證之下出借文物,在英文媒體裡,我們可以看到這樣的一個句子,"Talks between both museums' officials brought to pass the possibility of this exhibit."意思就是,"雙方博物館的官方協商促使了這次的展覽.","talk"或複數的"talks",就是"協商; 正式會談"的意思."museum's official"是"博物院的官方人員","bring to pass"的意思是"使發生;或完成",因為這裡的"bring"有"促使"的涵義,而"pass"則是有"發生; 完成"的涵義, 最後,"possibility of"是"某件事情發生的可能性",整句再一次,"Talks between both museums' officials brought to pass the possibility of this exhibit."意思就是,"雙方博物館的官方協商促使了這次的展覽."。

 

不動產證券化 real estate securitization / 自由貿易港區 free-trade harbor zone

我們知道立法院在臨時會議中通過了「不動產證券化條例」和「自由貿易港區設置管理條例」等財經建設的法案,這不只將增加政府和民間創造商機的籌碼跟能力,而且還將進一步達到提振景氣的政策目標,「不動產證券化」的英文是"real estate securitization",還有「自由貿易港區」的英文是"free-trade harbor zone",但是我們常常聽到的「臨時會議」英文要怎麼說呢?在大多數的國內英文媒體裡,「臨時會議」幾乎都是以"extra legislative session"或"extra session"來表達,"extra legislative session",的意思就是"臨時的立法會議",因為"extra"是"臨時的; 額外的","legislative"就是"立法的",而"session"是"會議; 法庭","extra legislative session"或"extra session"就被用來代表"臨時會議",通過了法案的「通過」,在國內英文媒體裡也有幾種不同的說法,例如,"go ahead","許可",或"green light","綠燈"或"准許"的意思,我們可能會看到這樣一個英文句子,"A green light was given on some of the six bills during the extra legislative session.","(立法院)在臨時會議中通過了部份的財經六法相關條例.","six bills"就是我們上次提過的"財經六法",整句再一次,"A green light was given on some of the six bills during the extra legislative session.","(立法院)在臨時會議中通過了部份的財經六法相關條例。

另外我們也可能看到這樣一個英文句子,"These bills will act as the catalyst for the revival of local economy."意思就是,"這些法案將會是復甦(本地)經濟的主要元素","catalyst"就是"刺激或促進某件事件的因素","revival"的意思是"復甦","local economy"就是"本地或當地的經濟",整句再一次,"These bills will act as the catalyst for the revival of local economy.","這些法案將會是復甦(本地)經濟的主要元素"。

Let's now have a review based on what we learned today. We learned "extra legislative session" ,"go ahead" ,or "green light" ,"catalyst" ,"revival" and "local economy". We featured these vocabularies in two sentences, and they are: "A green light was given on some of the six bills during the extra legislative session.","These bills will act as the catalyst for the revival of local economy."

 

膽固醇 cholesterol / 攝取量 intake / 賀爾蒙 hormone / 膽汁 bile / 維他命或維生素 vitamin

To Your Health 健康資訊站的主題是「認識膽固醇」,「膽固醇」的英文就是"cholesterol",根據衛生局的2002年統計,去年疾病死亡率增加最快的,除了肺炎以外就是心臟病,而我們都知道"cholesterol"「膽固醇」高的人,會有比較高的心臟病發作機率.因此可見「認識膽固醇」是非常重要的,但是"what is cholesterol?",什麼是膽固醇呢? 我們可以這樣回答,"膽固醇是用來製造賀爾蒙、膽汁及維生素D的脂肪醇","Cholesterol is a fatlike alcohol used to make hormones, bile and vitamin D.","fatlike",的意思就是"像脂肪一樣的",因為"fat"就是"脂肪"的意思,而字尾"-like"則是有"像…一般的"或"有…特徵的"涵義,因此"fatlike"意思就是"像脂肪一樣的",就好像"childlike"是"像小孩子一樣的"、"天真無邪的",或"godlike"也就是"如神的"、 "神聖的","alcohol"的意思是"酒精;【化】醇","hormone",是"賀爾蒙","bile",就是"膽汁",而"vitamin"就是大家所熟悉的維他命或維生素",所以"vitamin D"就是"維生素D",整句再一次,"Cholesterol is a fatlike alcohol used to make hormones, bile and vitamin D.","膽固醇是用來製造賀爾蒙、膽汁及維生素D的脂肪醇"。

  But, "What makes our cholesterol level high or low? ","哪些因素會影響膽固醇的高低呢?",會影響膽固醇高低的因素其實不只是飲食,還包括體重、運動量、酒精攝取量以及壓力,英文可以說,"Physical activeness, alcohol intake and stress level are also factors.","Physical activeness",就是"運動量",因為"Physical",就是"身體的","activeness",就是"active","活動的"加上意思有"性質; 狀態"的字尾"-ness",因此"activeness"就是"活動性; 活動量",所以"Physical activeness"就是"身體的活動量"或"運動量","alcohol intake",是"酒精攝取量","alcohol"就是剛剛才教過的"酒精;【化】醇","intake",就是"攝取量","stress level"就是"壓力的程度"最後,"factor",的意思就是"因素","Physical activeness, alcohol intake and stress level are also factors.",意思就是"運動、酒精攝取量和壓力都是影響因素"。

  We learned "cholesterol" ,"fatlike" ,just like "childlike" or "godlike" ,"alcohol" ,"hormone","bile",plus "Physical activeness" ,"alcohol intake" ,"stress" ,"level" ,and "factor". The sentences we learned today are: "Cholesterol is a fatlike alcohol used to make hormones, bile and vitamin D." ,"What makes our cholesterol level high or low? " ,"Physical activeness, alcohol intake and stress level are also factors."
 

部長 minister / 雙方的關係 mutual relations / 人道援助 Humanitarian aid / 文藝 cultural art / 進展;得勢 gain ground

外交部最近舉辦了「慶祝台俄發展關係十週年酒會」,外交部長簡又新致詞時表示,過去十年來兩國在經貿、人道援助、文化藝術等方面交流都有顯著的成就,他也期待未來雙方關係前景如蒼穹一樣遼闊,因此關於這篇新聞的英文報導,我們可能看到這樣一個句子,"The minister said sky's the limit on future development of mutual relations.",意思就是,"部長表示雙方未來關係的發展將如蒼穹一樣遼闊","minister",的意思就是"部長; 外交使節","sky's the limit",如果直接翻譯的話,是"穹蒼才是界限",但是"sky's the limit"正確的意思卻是隱喻著"無限的可能性"的一種口語化說法,"mutual relations"的意思是"雙方的關係",因為"mutual",就是"彼此的; 互相的或 雙方的","relations",就是"國家或團體之間的關係或往來",整句再一次,"The minister said sky's the limit on future development of mutual relations.",意思就是,"部長表示雙方未來關係的發展將如蒼穹一樣的遼闊"。

  另外,有關這個議題的新聞報導,我們也可能看到這樣一個英文句子,"Humanitarian aid and cultural arts exchange gained marked ground.",意思就是,"人道援助和文藝方面的交流都有顯著的進展","Humanitarian aid",就是"人道援助.",因為"Humanitarian",是"人道主義的;博愛的",而"aid",就是"援助; 幫助",但是觀眾朋友要注意喔!常常會有人把"aid" ,"a-i-d",和"aide" ,"a-i-d-e",搞混了,這兩個是有不同的涵義,我們剛解釋完的"aid" ,"a-i-d",涵義包括有動詞"援助; 幫助"的意思,但是後面有加"-e"的"aide" ,"a-i-d-e",只有名詞的詞性,
沒有動詞的用法,雖然加有"-e"的"aide",同樣也有"幫助;協助"的涵義,但是主要區別於有"-e"的"a-i-d-e"也有"援助者; 副官; 侍從武官"的涵義,所以不要把這兩個字的用法搞混了."cultural art",就是"文藝"的意思,"gain ground"就是"進展;得勢",因為"gain"就是"增加,增添"的意思,而"ground"就是"土地; 領域; 面積"的意思,因此"gain ground"就好像隱喻著"漸漸的增加領域"或"進展; 得勢",在"gain ground"中間加上"marked"這個有"顯著的; 明顯的"意思的字變成"gain marked ground"就變成"有顯著的進展"的意思.整句再一次,"Humanitarian aid and cultural arts exchange gained marked ground.",意思就是 "人道援助和文藝方面的交流都有顯著的進展"。

 Let's now have a review of the words and sentences we learned today about "Taiwan-Russia relations." We learned ,"minister" ,"sky's the limit" ,"mutual relations" ,plus "Humanitarian aid" ,"cultural art" ,and "gain marked ground." The sentences we learned today are: "The minister said sky's the limit on future development of mutual relations.","Humanitarian aid and cultural art exchange gained marked ground."。
 

保持健康 keeping fit / staying healthy / 有益健康的; 有益身心的 wholesome / 農委會 C.O.A.

保持身體健康的英文說法是,"staying healthy",或"keeping fit" ,"stay" 就是"保留, 維持"的意思,"healthy"就是"健康",而"keeping fit"的"keep"同樣是"保留; 保持"的意思,而"fit"則是"健康"的另一種說法,因此保持健康,英文就是"staying healthy",或"keeping fit",台灣產業也已經看到"health" 或"fitness"將在二十一世紀扮演極重要的角色,因此台灣也正積極的研發能夠促進人體健康的各種產品,其中一種最近在媒體裡受到注重的,就是農委會農產試驗所花了十年才研發成功的「彩色米」,它不但含有很高的胡蘿蔔素和抗氧化的花青素,還可以幫我們避免像「夜盲症」等等疾病的功效,因此關於這條新聞議題,我們可能看到這樣的一個英文句子,"The decade long R&D finally paid off when the cutting edge rice was developed.",意思就是,"長達十年的研發終於因為發展出先進的稻米而有了成果","decade long"的意思就是"長達十年的",因為"decade",就是"十年"的意思在英文中 "deca-" 有數字"十"的涵義,就像奧林匹克的「十項運動」就是叫做"decathlon",或數學裡的"十角型; 十邊型"是"decagon" ,"long"在這裡是用來修飾屬於形容詞"decade"的副詞,意思是"時間長達或 長久地",我們同樣可以說"year long""有一年之久的"或非時間性的"page long"也就是"一整頁的","R&D"是我們以前教過的"research and development","研究和發展"的縮寫,也就是"研發"的意思,"finally paid off"是"終於有了成果或沒有白費心血"的意思."cutting edge"就是"最先進的; 最前端的",整句再一次,"The decade long R&D finally paid off when the cutting edge rice was developed.",意思就是,"長達十年的研發終於因為發展出先進的稻米而有了成果"。

  另外,農委會表示,這個能夠幫助我們"stay healthy" or "keep fit"的"cutting edge""彩色米",預期最快在後年就可以量產上市,因此我們也可能看到這樣的英文報導,"The C.O.A. said the wholesome rice will hit the market the year after next.",意思就是,"農委會表示這有益健康的米將在後年上市","C.O.A."就是"農委會"或"Council of Agriculture"的縮寫,"wholesome"就是"有益健康的; 有益身心的","hit the market"就是"在市場開賣"或"上市"的口語說法,"the year after next"就是"下一年後面的一年"也就是英文表達"後年"的方式,英文不像中文可以用"後"這個單字來表達"下一年後面的一年",因此"後年"只好用"the year after next"來形容,就像"後天"也是用"the day after tomorrow"來表達,整句再一次,"The C.O.A. said the wholesome rice will hit the market the year after next.","農委會表示這有益健康的米將在後年在市場開賣" 。

 

期望成功 fingers crossed / cross one's fingers / 順利 without a hitch / 讓人暈眩眼花的巨額資金 dizzying sum of capital / 虛幻的夢想;不實際的承諾 a pie in the sky

聽過Guggenheim Museum「古根漢美術館」嗎? Guggenheim Museum是舉世聞名的現代美術館,分別在美國紐約、德國柏林、義大利威尼斯,西班牙畢爾包和世界賭城首都的拉斯維加斯都設有分館,我們可能看到這樣的一個英文句子,"The Mayor has his fingers crossed that the plan will go without a hitch. ",意思就是,"市長希望這個計畫能夠順利的進行""fingers crossed"或"cross one's fingers"就是"期望成功"的意思,因為西方人相信,將手上的食指和無名指交叉能夠帶來好運,讓期望的事情更順利的成功,因此"cross one's fingers"或"fingers crossed" 就是"期望成功"的意思,"without a hitch",就是"順利"的意思因為"hitch" ,"h-i-t-c-h"是"繩子的結; 障礙;或阻礙","without a hitch"就是"毫無障礙"或"順利"的意思,整句再一次,"The Mayor has his fingers crossed that the plan will go without a hitch. ","市長希望這個計畫能夠順利的進行"。

"Without the dizzying sum of capital, the plan is still just a pie in the sky",意思就是,"沒有巨額的資金,這個計劃只是個空虛的夢想""dizzying",的意思就是"讓人暈眩地",因為"dizzy"就是"暈眩的; 眼花的"意思."sum"是"總額; 總數","capital"的意思就是"資金".用在一起的時候,"dizzying sum of capital"就是"讓人暈眩眼花的巨額資金","a pie in the sky"如果直接翻譯的話,就是"在天空中的派"所以是隱喻著一個是只能看的到,但是卻拿不到或嚐不到東西或事件.也就是"虛幻的夢想;不實際的承諾",整句再一次,"Without the dizzying sum of capital, the plan is still just a pie in the sky","沒有巨額的資金,這個計劃只是個空虛的夢想"。
 

炎熱的夏季氣候 sizzling summer heat / 防曬乳 sunblock

最高溫度的英文叫做"record high temperature","record"在這裡的意思就是"空前的,創紀錄的","temperature"就是"溫度","record high temperature"意思就是"創紀錄的高溫",根據氣象局最近的報導,之前差一點登陸的中度颱風(影)尹布都,雖然沒有直襲台灣,但是因為外圍環流的影響,讓南部的雲量較多,並帶給臺北縣淡水高達攝氏三十八度的高溫因此在國內英文媒體出現了類似這樣的一個英文句子,"The sizzling summer heat drove the mercury up to 38 degrees Celsius.",意思就是,"炎熱的夏季氣候使得氣溫提升到攝氏三十八度""sizzling summer heat"就是"炎熱的夏季氣候","sizzling"的意思是"非常炎熱的,熱得令人發昏的","sizzling"來自於"sizzle"這個單字,這個字就是在形容煎牛排時會在鐵板上發出的那種滋滋聲也因此"sizzling"就是隱喻著像在鐵板上煎牛排一樣熱的意思,"drive"在這裡的意思是"逼使, 驅迫","mercury",是"水銀",但是"mercury"同時也是"溫度計的水銀柱"或"氣溫"的口語化說法,"degree"是"度數"的意思.而 "Celsius" 就是"攝氏",因為"攝氏"Celsius 是命名於攝氏度的發明者,瑞典天文學家Anders Celsius,所以"Celsius"的第一個字母必須要大寫,攝氏度同時也因為是分為百度的測溫系統而叫做"Centigrade",字首"Centi-","C-e-n-t-i"有"一百"或"百分之一"的意思,就像"centimeter"是"百分之一公尺"或"公分",或"centipede"就是"一百隻腳"或"蜈蚣"的意思,而"grade"則有"尺寸的密度或等級"的意思,所以"Centigrade"也是"攝氏"或'Celsius的另一個說法,整句再一次,"The sizzling summer heat drove the mercury up to 38 degrees Celsius." (炎熱的夏季氣候使得氣溫提升到攝氏三十八度)。

「空前的高溫使得許多人把防曬乳拿出來用」: "The all-time high temperature had many people reaching for their sunblock.","all-time"的意思是"空前的; 創紀錄的","had"也就是"have"的過去分詞,在這裡是"使得或 讓得"的意思,"reaching" or "reach"就是「伸手去拿」,"sunblock" 是"防曬乳",因為"sunblock"的功能就是要block the sun "擋太陽",整句再一次,”The all-time high temperature had many people reaching for their sunblock.” (空前的高溫使得許多人把防曬乳拿出來用)。
 

生物科技 biotech / 里程碑 milestone / 基因複製羊 cloned goat / 業界人士 industry insider

"The success of the genetically cloned goats marked a milestone in domestic biotech development.",意思就是,"基因複製羊的成功是國內生物科技研究的里程碑","genetically cloned"的意思是"基因複製的",因為"genetically"就是"從基因的",而"cloned"就是"複製的","marked a milestone"就是"畫下了一個里程碑",因為"mark"在這裡的意思是"留下痕跡; 做記號; 紀錄","milestone"就是"里程碑","domestic"是"國內的","biotech"是"生物科技","biotech"是"biology""生物學"和"technology""科技"這兩個字所合併的簡稱,所以"biotech"就是"生物科技",最後,"development"就是"發展"。

成功複製羊寶寶雙胞胎的農委會畜產試驗所,以及國際生物科技大展的主辦單位,中華民國生物產業發展協會,都希望這次的展覽能夠促進業界的資訊交流,讓國內的農業生技發展不斷的進步,有關這次的生物科技大展,我們也可能看到這樣的英文報導,"It's a venue for presenting findings to industry insiders and the public".意思就是,"(生技展)是一個將(研究)成果展現給業界人士和大眾的場所","venue",就是"場所","finding"或複數的"findings",是"研究的成果或發現","industry insider"就是"業界人士",因為"industry"是"產業; 工業",而"insider"就是"熟知內幕的人;局內人",整句再一次,"It's a venue for presenting findings to industry insiders and the public".意思就是,"(生技展)是一個將(研究)成果展現給業界人士和大眾的場所"。

 

消費者(文教)基金會 Consumer's Foundation / 看守人 watchdog

"Public awareness of consumer rights is broadening.""社會大眾對於消費者權益的認知越來越廣泛.""Public"是"大眾的""awareness",就是"意識; 察覺",因為"awareness"就是"aware""意識到;察覺到; 注意到"的形容詞"再加上代表"性質;狀態"的字尾"-ness",成為名詞的"awareness"就像"happiness""喜悅,快樂(的狀態)"或"sadness""悲哀,悲傷(的狀態)""consumer rights"就是"消費者權利","consumer"就是"消費者",而"right"就是"權利或權益",要特別注意我們在這裡是用複數的"rights"因為這個句子在描述的不是只有單一項的權益."broadening"或"broaden"是"擴張,擴大"的意思.整句再一次,"Public awareness of consumer rights is broadening."意思就是,"社會大眾對於消費者權益的認知越來越廣泛."

消費者文教基金會在捍衛消費者權利時有許多重要調查結果的報導,"We're all better off with the Consumer's Foundation as our watchdog.",意思就是,"(我們)大家都因為有消基會所具有的把關功能而更受到保障","better off"意思就是"景況較佳;更有餘裕",在這個句子裡所指的"較佳景況"就是更完整的消費者保障."Consumer's Foundation"就是"消費者(文教)基金會"的英文名稱."watchdog"在這裡的意思是"監視者; 看守人",它同時也是"看門狗的意思" 要請大家特別注意的是,這個句子的解釋我們並沒有做逐字翻譯,因為在某些字句的中英文用法上還是有些不同的. 在"Consumer's Foundation as our watchdog"這個phrase裡所表達的意思就是Consumer's Foundation (消基會)= watchdog(看守人),或是"具有把關或看守性質的消基會"。

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